Pomegranates, pears, persimmons, and pecans! Pumpkins, too, of course.
From the above picture, it's easy to tell why local fruit is better; the upper one, from a neighbor's tree, is almost neon-orange, and much richer in taste; the lower one is pale and bland, likely due to being picked far too early for shipping.
Pecans are another great example of the advantages of locally sourced produce: